GATE (TF) Textile 2010 Question Paper Solution | GATE/2010/TF/20

Jet dyeing is a dyeing technique that is commonly used in the textile industry to dye continuous lengths of fabric or yarn. In jet dyeing, the fabric or yarn is circulated through a closed system of nozzles, pumps, and tanks that deliver the dye and other chemicals.
Jet dyeing is a fast and efficient dyeing method that can be used to dye a wide range of fabrics and yarns, including cotton, polyester, and nylon. It is particularly well-suited for dyeing large volumes of fabric or yarn in a continuous process, making it a popular choice for industrial-scale dyeing operations.

One of the advantages of jet dyeing is that it uses less water and energy than other dyeing methods, such as traditional dyeing in open vats. Jet dyeing also allows for precise control of the dyeing process, including the temperature, pH, and concentration of the dye and other chemicals. This makes it possible to achieve consistent, high-quality dyeing results, even when dyeing large volumes of fabric or yarn.

Jet dyeing can be used to produce a wide range of colors and effects, including solid colors, stripes, and patterns. It is also possible to apply multiple colors or finishes in a single pass through the jet dyeing machine, allowing for greater flexibility and efficiency in the dyeing process.

The liquor ratio in jet dyeing refers to the ratio of the weight of the fabric or yarn being dyed to the volume of the dye liquor in the dyeing machine. The liquor ratio is an important parameter in the dyeing process, as it can affect the quality and efficiency of the dyeing process.
In jet dyeing, the typical liquor ratio ranges from 1:3 to 1:10, depending on the type of fabric or yarn being dyed, the depth and shade of the color being applied, and the specific jet dyeing machine being used. For example, for dyeing cotton fabric, a liquor ratio of 1:5 is commonly used, while for dyeing polyester fabric, a liquor ratio of 1:3 is often used.

The choice of liquor ratio depends on several factors, including the desired level of color penetration and the efficiency of the dyeing process. A higher liquor ratio can result in more even color distribution and greater color penetration, but it also requires more dye and water, which can be less efficient and more expensive. A lower liquor ratio can be more efficient, but it may result in uneven color distribution or insufficient color penetration, which can affect the quality of the finished product.

Ultimately, the appropriate liquor ratio for jet dyeing will depend on the specific requirements of the dyeing process, including the type of fabric or yarn being dyed, the desired level of color penetration, and the efficiency of the dyeing process.