GATE (TF) Textile 2010 Question Paper Solution | GATE/2010/TF/36

Slasher dyeing and rope dyeing are two common methods used for dyeing textiles, particularly for dyeing yarns.
Slasher dyeing involves dipping individual yarns or groups of yarns into a dye bath, which is typically contained in a long trough. The yarns are passed through the dye bath and then squeezed between two rollers to remove excess dye before being wound onto a beam. This process is repeated multiple times until the desired color is achieved.
In contrast, rope dyeing involves dyeing a continuous rope of yarn in a long, circulating dye bath. The yarn is typically wound onto a reel, and the rope of yarn is then submerged into the dye bath for a specific period of time. The dye bath is constantly circulated to ensure even dyeing.
The main difference between slasher dyeing and rope dyeing is the way in which the yarn is treated during the dyeing process. Slasher dyeing treats individual yarns or groups of yarns separately, whereas rope dyeing treats the entire rope of yarn as a single unit. As a result, rope dyeing can be more efficient and produce more consistent color results, while slasher dyeing may be better suited for smaller batch sizes or for producing more complex color patterns.

Electronic Jacquard is a type of weaving machine that uses an electronic system to control the patterning mechanism of the loom. The Jacquard mechanism allows for the creation of intricate patterns and designs in woven fabrics by controlling the individual warp yarns.
Traditional Jacquard machines use punched cards to control the warp yarns, which limited the complexity of the patterns that could be woven. However, electronic Jacquard machines use a computerized system to control the patterning mechanism. This allows for greater flexibility and precision in the patterning process, as well as the ability to produce more complex and detailed designs.
Electronic Jacquard machines are used in a variety of industries, including textile manufacturing, carpet weaving, and tapestry production. They are particularly useful for creating high-quality, intricate designs in fabrics, such as brocade, damask, and jacquard. Electronic Jacquard machines are also able to produce a greater variety of fabric designs and patterns than traditional Jacquard machines, making them a popular choice for designers and manufacturers looking to create unique and innovative fabrics.

Warping is a process used in knitting to prepare the yarn for use on the knitting machine. In warping, a large number of individual yarns, called warp yarns, are wound onto a beam in a parallel and evenly spaced arrangement.

The warping process typically involves the use of a creel, which is a framework that holds multiple cones of yarn. The yarn is unwound from the cones and passed through a tensioning system to ensure even tension throughout the warp. The yarn is then wound onto the beam in a continuous and even manner.

Once the yarn has been warped, it is ready to be used on a knitting machine. The yarn is threaded through the machine’s needles, and the knitting process begins. During knitting, the warp yarns are held under tension and interlocked with a series of horizontal weft yarns to create the final knitted fabric.

Warping is an important process in knitting, as it ensures that the yarn is evenly spaced and under tension, which helps to produce a high-quality and consistent knitted fabric. The accuracy of the warping process can have a significant impact on the quality of the final knitted product, making it an essential step in the production process.

Non-woven fabrics are used in a wide range of products across various industries due to their unique properties, including high durability, absorbency, softness, and liquid repellence. Some of the products that are commonly made from non-woven fabrics include:
Personal hygiene products: Non-woven fabrics are used in a range of personal hygiene products, including baby diapers, adult incontinence products, feminine hygiene products, and wet wipes.
Medical products: Non-woven fabrics are widely used in the medical industry for products such as surgical gowns, face masks, medical wipes, and wound dressings.
Home furnishings: Non-woven fabrics are used in home furnishings such as carpets, upholstery, and curtains. They are also used as wallpaper, insulation, and in home air filters.
Agriculture: Non-woven fabrics are used in agriculture for applications such as crop protection, soil erosion control, and greenhouse shading.
Packaging: Non-woven fabrics are used in packaging materials such as shopping bags, tote bags, and gift bags.
Industrial applications: Non-woven fabrics are used in a range of industrial applications such as filtration, insulation, and geotextiles.
Fashion and apparel: Non-woven fabrics are increasingly being used in fashion and apparel for applications such as interlining, padding, and shoe linings.
Overall, non-woven fabrics are versatile materials that can be used in a wide range of products across many different industries.