Question 17 (Textile Engineering & Fibre Science)
For production of dry-spun acrylic fibre, the suitable solvent for dope preparation is
| (A) | Acetone |
| (B) | N,N’ Dimethyl formamide |
| (C) | Formic acid |
| (D) | Aqueous sodium thiocyanate (55 wt%) |
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Frequently Asked Questions | FAQs
What is the production process of acrylic fibre?
Acrylic fiber is a synthetic textile fiber made from polymerized acrylonitrile. The production process of acrylic fiber typically involves the following steps:
Polymerization: Acrylonitrile is polymerized using heat and chemical catalysts to form polyacrylonitrile (PAN) polymer. The polymerization reaction is usually carried out in solution or suspension.
Spinning: The PAN polymer is dissolved in a solvent, such as dimethylformamide (DMF) or dimethylacetamide (DMAc), to form a spinning solution. The spinning solution is then extruded through spinnerets into a coagulation bath, where the solvent is removed, and the polymer solidifies into a fiber.
Drawing: The solidified fiber is then stretched or drawn to align the polymer molecules and increase the fiber’s strength and durability. The stretching process can be done in a hot-air oven or using mechanical rollers.
Finishing: The acrylic fiber is then washed, dried, and cut to the desired length. It may also undergo additional finishing processes, such as heat setting or dyeing, to improve its properties or enhance its appearance.
Acrylic fiber is used in a wide range of textile applications, including clothing, upholstery, and carpets, due to its softness, warmth, and resistance to sunlight, chemicals, and mildew.