Question 31 (Textile Engineering & Fibre Science)
Match the fibres listed in Column A with the compounds used in its manufacture listed in Column B. Choose the right answer from options A, B, C, and D.
| Column A | Column B |
| P. Polypropylene | 1. Carbon disulfide |
| Q. Polyethylene Terephthalate | 2. Water |
| R. Nylon 6 | 3. Ziegler Natta catalyst |
| S. Viscose | 4. Antimony trioxide & Antimony triacetate |
| (A) | P-4, Q-1, R-2, S-3 |
| (B) | P-3, Q-4, R-2, S-1 |
| (C) | P-3, Q-4, R-1, S-2 |
| (D) | P-2, Q-1, R-3, S-4 |
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Frequently Asked Questions | FAQs
What is ziegler-natta catalyst used for?
Ziegler-Natta catalysts are a class of organometallic compounds that are widely used in the chemical industry to produce polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene. These catalysts are named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed the first Ziegler-Natta catalysts in the 1950s.
Ziegler-Natta catalysts are typically composed of a transition metal compound, such as titanium or vanadium, and an organoaluminum compound. The catalysts are used in a polymerization process to create long chains of ethylene or propylene molecules that form the basis of polyethylene and polypropylene plastics.
The use of Ziegler-Natta catalysts allows for the production of high-density polyethylene and polypropylene with controlled molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distributions, which results in materials with desirable mechanical properties. These plastics are widely used in a variety of applications, including packaging, automotive parts, and construction materials.
What is the catalyst for polyethylene terephthalate?
Ziegler-Natta catalysts are a class of organometallic compounds that are widely used in the chemical industry to produce polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene. These catalysts are named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed the first Ziegler-Natta catalysts in the 1950s.
Ziegler-Natta catalysts are typically composed of a transition metal compound, such as titanium or vanadium, and an organoaluminum compound. The catalysts are used in a polymerization process to create long chains of ethylene or propylene molecules that form the basis of polyethylene and polypropylene plastics.
The use of Ziegler-Natta catalysts allows for the production of high-density polyethylene and polypropylene with controlled molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distributions, which results in materials with desirable mechanical properties. These plastics are widely used in a variety of applications, including packaging, automotive parts, and construction materials.
What is the catalyst used in nylon 6?
The catalyst used in the production of nylon 6 is typically sulfuric acid (H2SO4) or water.
Nylon 6 is a type of polyamide that is widely used in the manufacture of various consumer goods such as textiles, carpets, and engineering plastics. Nylon 6 is produced by the polymerization of caprolactam, a cyclic monomer that contains six carbon atoms.
Sulfuric acid acts as a catalyst in the polymerization reaction, promoting the reaction by increasing the rate of ring-opening polymerization and improving the selectivity and yield of nylon 6. The reaction takes place at high temperatures and pressures in the presence of a catalyst, and the resulting polymer is then processed into the desired form using various methods such as extrusion, injection molding, or spinning.
What is the process of making viscose?
Viscose is a type of regenerated cellulose fiber that is made from wood pulp. The process of making viscose involves several steps, including:
Preparation of the wood pulp: The wood pulp is first treated with a solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide to remove impurities and create a purified cellulose material called “dissolving pulp”.
Dissolving the pulp: The dissolving pulp is then mixed with a solution of carbon disulfide, which converts the cellulose into a material called “cellulose xanthate”.
Aging the cellulose xanthate: The cellulose xanthate solution is aged for several hours to improve the quality of the final viscose product.
Dissolving the cellulose xanthate: The aged cellulose xanthate solution is then dissolved in a solution of sodium hydroxide to form a viscous solution called “viscose”.
Extrusion and spinning: The viscose solution is extruded through spinnerets, which are fine metal tubes with small holes. The extruded viscose is then immersed in a solution of sulfuric acid to neutralize the sodium hydroxide and convert the viscose back into cellulose. This process is called “regeneration”.
Washing and finishing: The regenerated cellulose fibers are then washed to remove impurities and treated with various chemicals to improve their strength, dyeability, and other properties.
The resulting viscose fibers can be used to make a wide range of products, including clothing, bedding, and industrial materials.