Introduction: The tensile and compressional characteristics of fabrics are important properties that determine their performance in various applications, such as apparel, upholstery, and industrial uses. In this lab, we will evaluate the tensile and compressional properties of different woven and nonwoven fabrics using standard test methods.
Materials:
- Fabric samples (at least three woven and three nonwoven samples)
- Tensile testing machine
- Compressometer or thickness gauge
- Scissors
- Ruler
Procedure:
- Preparation of the Test Samples: a. Cut fabric samples of 10 cm x 10 cm using scissors. b. Mark the center of each sample with a pen or marker.
- Tensile Test:
a. Place the fabric sample in the jaws of the tensile testing machine, making sure that the center mark is aligned with the center of the machine.
b. Set the machine to pull the fabric sample until it breaks or reaches a specified elongation.
c. Start the test and record the maximum load and elongation at break or at the specified point. - Compressional Test:
a. Place the fabric sample on the compressometer or thickness gauge, making sure that the center mark is aligned with the center of the gauge.
b. Apply a compressional force to the sample until it reaches a specified thickness or compression.
c. Record the compressional force and thickness or compression. - Repeat the Test: Repeat steps 2 and 3 for each fabric sample and record the results.
- Analysis of the Results: Analyze the data using statistical methods, such as mean and standard deviation. Compare the tensile and compressional properties of the different fabric samples and observe the effect of different factors, such as fabric composition, weight, and construction on these properties.
- Conclusion: In this lab, we have evaluated the tensile and compressional properties of different woven and nonwoven fabrics. These properties are important for various applications that require fabrics to withstand tensile or compressional forces. By evaluating the performance of different fabric samples, we can determine their suitability for specific applications that require certain levels of tensile or compressional strength.